Making It Snow: The Future of Weather
August 2024
MIT Technology Review

Introduction
Have you ever wondered who makes it snow? Meet Frank McDonough, the atmospheric wizard behind cloud seeding, a technique that’s becoming essential in our increasingly dry world. With the western U.S. facing a major snowpack decline—around 23% since 1955—McDonough and his team are on a mission to boost snowfall and keep water flowing. From using silver iodide to sprinkling salt from planes, this science is snow joke! Check out the full scoop in the MIT Technology Review!
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Discover how this topic shapes your world and future
Snowflakes and Solutions in a Warming World
Understanding the importance of snowpack in the western United States is crucial, especially as climate change alters our environment. Snowpack acts like a natural reservoir, providing essential water for rivers, agriculture, and urban areas during the dry summer months. However, with a significant decline in annual snowpack—23% since 1955—our water supplies are at risk. This situation affects not just local farmers or city dwellers but has global implications as water scarcity impacts around 40% of the world’s population. Innovative approaches, like cloud seeding led by scientists like Frank McDonough, are gaining attention as potential solutions to combat these challenges. This topic is relevant to you as students, as it highlights the intersection of science, technology, and environmental stewardship—fields that you might pursue in your own future careers!
Speak like a Scholar

Snowpack
A layer of snow that accumulates in mountains and serves as a natural water reservoir when it melts.

Cloud Seeding
A scientific technique that involves injecting substances like silver iodide into clouds to encourage precipitation, which can lead to more rain or snow.

Hydroelectric
A form of energy produced by using the flow of water to generate electricity, often dependent on sufficient water supplies.

Precipitation
Any form of water, such as rain or snow, that falls from the atmosphere to the Earth's surface.

Drought
A prolonged period of abnormally low rainfall, leading to a shortage of water.

Water Scarcity
A situation where the demand for water exceeds the available supply, affecting the ability to meet basic needs.
Independent Research Ideas

The Science of Silver Iodide
Explore how silver iodide works on a molecular level to promote precipitation and its implications for weather modification.

Global Water Scarcity Solutions
Investigate various strategies around the world that address water scarcity, comparing their effectiveness and sustainability.

The Impact of Climate Change on Snowpack
Analyze historical data to understand how climate change has influenced snowpack levels in different regions.

Community Perspectives on Cloud Seeding
Conduct interviews or surveys to gather local opinions on cloud seeding programs and how they affect community water resources.

Innovations in Water Conservation Technology
Research emerging technologies that help conserve water in agriculture and urban settings, evaluating their potential impact on future water supply issues.
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