Decoding Legal Jargon: MIT's Revelation
March 2022
Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT)

Introduction
Ever wondered why even a simple contract feels like deciphering an ancient script? Well, MIT cognitive scientists cracked the code, revealing why legal documents are such a brain teaser. Through analyzing millions of words in contracts and comparing them with everyday texts, they found lawyers love to sandwich long definitions mid-sentence, making reading a legal document feel like running a linguistic obstacle course. This study not only sheds light on the "why" behind the complexity but also sparks hope for clearer, more accessible legal language. Dive into the details and discover how we might make legal jargon a thing of the past!
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Decoding the Legal Labyrinth
Ever wondered why legal documents feel like they're written in a different language? Well, you're not alone. A recent study by MIT cognitive scientists dove into the depths of legal texts, revealing why contracts, terms of service agreements, and other legal documents are so tough to crack. The main culprit? A writing habit called "center-embedding," where long definitions are sandwiched right in the middle of sentences, making them memory juggernauts even for seasoned lawyers. Plus, the sprinkle of unnecessary jargon doesn't help. This isn't just a quirky feature of legal writing; it's a barrier preventing people from understanding their rights and obligations. Imagine a world where legal texts are clear and straightforward, making the law accessible to everyone, not just those who can afford a lawyer. That's a world worth striving for, and it starts with understanding why clarity in legal documents matters – for everyone.
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Center-embedding
A sentence structure where a definition or clause is inserted in the middle of a sentence, making it harder to follow.

Jargon
Specialized terms used within a particular profession or group, often difficult for outsiders to understand.

Cognitive science
The study of mind and intelligence, encompassing psychology, neuroscience, and linguistics.

Passive voice
A way of constructing sentences where the subject is acted upon, rather than doing the action, often obscuring clarity.

Nonstandard capitalization
Using capital letters in ways not typically found in standard writing, like all caps for emphasis in legal documents.

Comprehension difficulty
The level of difficulty encountered when trying to understand written or spoken language.
Independent Research Ideas

The psychology behind legal jargon
Investigate how the use of specialized language in legal documents affects the reader's mental processing and comprehension.

Clarity vs. complexity in legal documents
Analyze historical changes in legal writing to determine if efforts to simplify language have been successful.

The impact of legal language on social justice
Explore how the complexity of legal language affects individuals' ability to defend their rights, particularly among underprivileged communities.

Comparative study of legal language across cultures
Examine how different legal systems approach clarity and complexity in their documents.

Technology's role in demystifying legal texts
Research how software and AI can help translate complex legal documents into plain language.
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